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Install Ruby on Debian

Linux Systems Guides

1 Posts 1 Posters 998 Views

R Offline
R Offline
rick
wrote on last edited by rick

#1
Install Ruby on Debian

Install rbenv
```
sudo apt install rbenv
```
Then initialize the environment:
```
rbenv init
```
```
nano ~/.bashrc
```
Type or paste the output above, Ctrl +x to save

Apply:
```
source .bashrc
```
Install ruby-build

Install git:
```
sudo apt install git
```
```
mkdir -p "$(rbenv root)"/plugins
```
Clone to local:
```
git clone https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build.git "$(rbenv root)"/plugins/ruby-build
```
```
curl -fsSL https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv-installer/raw/main/bin/rbenv-doctor | bash
```
Now install Ruby:

print ruby versions available
```
rbenv install --list
```
Install the latest version unless you have a reason otherwise:
```
rbenv install 3.3.0
```
On this system there was an error compiling at this point with fiddle, as well as psych:

Therefore manually installing the following filled dependencies
```
sudo apt install libtool
sudo apt install libffi-dev
```
```
rbenv global 3.3.0
```
print installed ruby version
```
ruby -v
```
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0
- R
  
  no matching host key type found
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  Create gif from webm - command line
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  zstd: error 70 no space left
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- L
  
  ddrescue clone failing hard drive
  Watching Ignoring Scheduled Pinned Locked Moved Linux Systems Guides smartmontools lsblk data ddrescue fdisk debian recovery proxmox
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  L
  
  Again running smartctl after all is said and done:
  
  smartctl --all /dev/sda
  
  ddrescue-smartctl-after-rescue.png ddrescue-smartctl-2.png
  
  Yet an old drive in itself, I run the wheels off of them, and monitor regularly as anyone should.
- L
  
  Install BackupPC4 Ubuntu Debian {script}
  Watching Ignoring Scheduled Pinned Locked Moved Backup Solutions debian backuppc4 install script ubuntu
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  R
  
  New script due to dependency changes:
  
  #! /bin/sh set -e
  
  if [ “$1” = “install” ] || [ “$1” = “upgrade” ]; then
  
  ACTION=$1
  
  elif [ “$1” = “” ]; then ACTION=install else echo “usage: $(basename $0) action [source]” echo “action is either install (default) or upgrade” echo “source is either tar (default) or git” exit 1 fi
  
  if [ “$2” = “git” ] || [ “$2” = “tar” ]; then SOURCE=$2 elif [ “$2” = “” ]; then SOURCE=tar else echo “Unknown source $2!” exit 1 fi
  
  if [ “$BPC_UID” ] && [ $(getent passwd “$BPC_UID” | cut -d ‘:’ -f 1) != “backuppc” ]; then echo “The uid = $BPC_UID is already in use!” exit 1 fi
  
  #Install dependencies
  
  apt-get -q update export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -q -y apache2 apache2-utils libapache2-mod-perl2 par2 perl smbclient rsync tar gcc zlib1g zlib1g-dev rrdtool git make perl-doc libarchive-zip-perl libfile-listing-perl libxml-rss-perl libcgi-session-perl libacl1-dev wget iputils-ping pwgen
  
  #Set up backuppc user and directory
  
  if ! id backuppc >/dev/null 2>&1; then if [ “$BPC_UID” ]; then adduser --system --home /var/lib/backuppc --group --disabled-password --shell /bin/false --uid=“$BPC_UID” backuppc else adduser --system --home /var/lib/backuppc --group --disabled-password --shell /bin/false backuppc fi fi mkdir -p /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh chmod 700 /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh echo -e “BatchMode yes\nStrictHostKeyChecking no” > /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh/config if [ ! -e /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh/id_rsa ]; then ssh-keygen -q -t rsa -b 4096 -N ‘’ -C “BackupPC key” -f /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh/id_rsa fi chmod 600 /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh/id_rsa chmod 644 /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh/id_rsa.pub chown -R backuppc:backuppc /var/lib/backuppc/.ssh
  
  #Set password or read password file
  
  if [ “$BPC_PASS” ]; then PASSWORD=“$BPC_PASS” elif [ -e /root/password ]; then PASSWORD=$(cat /root/password) chmod 600 /root/password else PASSWORD=$(pwgen -s -1 32) echo “$PASSWORD” > /root/password chmod 600 /root/password fi echo “backuppc:$PASSWORD” | chpasswd backuppc
  
  #Get BackupPC release versions
  
  get_latest_release() { wget -q -O - “https://api.github.com/repos/$1/releases/latest” | grep ‘“tag_name”:’ | sed -E ‘s/.“([^”]+)"./\1/’
  } bpcver=$(get_latest_release “backuppc/backuppc”) bpcxsver=$(get_latest_release “backuppc/backuppc-xs”) rsyncbpcver=$(get_latest_release “backuppc/rsync-bpc”)
  
  mkdir -p /tmp/bpc cd /tmp/bpc
  
  if [ $SOURCE = “tar” ]; then
  
  ##Fetch and install latest stable releases
  
  wget https://github.com/backuppc/backuppc-xs/releases/download/$bpcxsver/BackupPC-XS-$bpcxsver.tar.gz wget https://github.com/backuppc/rsync-bpc/releases/download/$rsyncbpcver/rsync-bpc-$rsyncbpcver.tar.gz wget https://github.com/backuppc/backuppc/releases/download/$bpcver/BackupPC-$bpcver.tar.gz tar -zxf BackupPC-XS-$bpcxsver.tar.gz tar -zxf rsync-bpc-$rsyncbpcver.tar.gz tar -zxf BackupPC-$bpcver.tar.gz cd BackupPC-XS-$bpcxsver perl Makefile.PL make make test make install cd …/rsync-bpc-$rsyncbpcver ./configure make make install cd …/BackupPC-$bpcver fi
  
  if [ $SOURCE = “git” ]; then
  
  #Fetch and install the latest development code instead
  
  git clone https://github.com/backuppc/backuppc.git git clone https://github.com/backuppc/backuppc-xs.git git clone https://github.com/backuppc/rsync-bpc.git cd backuppc-xs perl Makefile.PL make make test make install cd …/rsync-bpc ./configure make make install cd …/backuppc ./makeDist --nosyntaxCheck --releasedate “date -u "+%d %b %Y"” --version ${bpcver}git tar -zxf dist/BackupPC-${bpcver}git.tar.gz cd BackupPC-${bpcver}git fi
  
  if [ $ACTION = “install” ]; then ./configure.pl --batch --cgi-dir /var/www/cgi-bin/BackupPC --data-dir /var/lib/backuppc --hostname backuppc --html-dir /var/www/html/BackupPC --html-dir-url /BackupPC --install-dir /usr/local/BackupPC fi
  
  if [ $ACTION = “upgrade” ]; then ./configure.pl --batch --config-path /etc/BackupPC/config.pl fi
  
  #Set up web server #Note that changing the apache user and group (/etc/apache2/envvars) could cause other services #provided by apache to fail. There are alternatives if you don’t want to change the apache #user: use SCGI or a setuid BackupPC_Admin script - see the docs. cp httpd/BackupPC.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/backuppc.conf sed -i “/Require local/d” /etc/apache2/conf-available/backuppc.conf sed -i “s/export APACHE_RUN_USER=www-data/export APACHE_RUN_USER=backuppc/” /etc/apache2/envvars sed -i “s/export APACHE_RUN_GROUP=www-data/export APACHE_RUN_GROUP=backuppc/” /etc/apache2/envvars echo ‘’ > /var/www/html/index.html a2enconf backuppc a2enmod cgid service apache2 restart
  
  #Set up backuppc service
  
  cp systemd/init.d/debian-backuppc /etc/init.d/backuppc
  
  chmod 755 /etc/init.d/backuppc
  
  update-rc.d backuppc defaults
  
  chmod u-s /var/www/cgi-bin/BackupPC/BackupPC_Admin
  
  touch /etc/BackupPC/BackupPC.users
  
  sed -i “s/$Conf{CgiAdminUserGroup}.*/$Conf{CgiAdminUserGroup} = ‘backuppc’;/” /etc/BackupPC/config.pl
  
  sed -i “s/$Conf{CgiAdminUsers}.*/$Conf{CgiAdminUsers} = ‘backuppc’;/” /etc/BackupPC/config.pl
  
  chown -R backuppc:backuppc /etc/BackupPC
  
  echo $PASSWORD | htpasswd -i /etc/BackupPC/BackupPC.users backuppc
  
  service backuppc start
  
  #Clean up
  
  cd rm -rf /tmp/bpc echo “All done!” exit 0
- R
  
  Basic Linux Terminal Commands
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  R
  
  To list all files in current directory including dot files (hidden files or directories), as well as print permissions :
  ls -la

FreeBSD Notes

R
rick

Unable to negotiate with 10.10.1.35 port 22: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss
While attempting ssh this error is generally due to mismatched versions of ssh, where an up to date version is attempting to access an older version

Add the following to your command :

The proper way:
ssh -o KexAlgorithms=diffie-hellman-group14-sha1 -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss 10.10.1.35
The cheap way:

Example :
ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss 10.10.1.35
or ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss user@10.10.1.35

This can be added to the ~/.ssh/config file
Host my-server HostName 10.10.1.35 HostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss

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R
rick

Locate hard drive and get information
ls -l /sys/block | grep sd.
Output:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sda -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sdb -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sdc -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata3/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sdc lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sdd -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata4/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sdd
Or for a more detailed view
strace -e trace=open lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS sda 8:0 0 3.6T 0 disk ├─data--2-data--2_tmeta 252:3 0 15.9G 0 lvm │ └─data--2-data--2-tpool 252:9 0 3.6T 0 lvm │ ├─data--2-data--2 252:10 0 3.6T 1 lvm │ ├─data--2-vm--101--disk--0 252:11 0 8G 0 lvm │ ├─data--2-vm--103--disk--0 252:12 0 32G 0 lvm │ ├─data--2-vm--107--disk--0 252:13 0 500G 0 lvm │ └─data--2-vm--108--disk--0 252:20 0 100G 0 lvm └─data--2-data--2_tdata 252:6 0 3.6T 0 lvm └─data--2-data--2-tpool 252:9 0 3.6T 0 lvm ├─data--2-data--2 252:10 0 3.6T 1 lvm ├─data--2-vm--101--disk--0 252:11 0 8G 0 lvm ├─data--2-vm--103--disk--0 252:12 0 32G 0 lvm ├─data--2-vm--107--disk--0 252:13 0 500G 0 lvm └─data--2-vm--108--disk--0 252:20 0 100G 0 lvm sdb 8:16 0 698.6G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 698.6G 0 part /mnt/pve/backups sdc 8:32 0 3.6T 0 disk ├─vm--data-vm--data_tmeta 252:4 0 15.9G 0 lvm │ └─vm--data-vm--data-tpool 252:14 0 3.6T 0 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--data 252:15 0 3.6T 1 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--100--disk--0 252:16 0 270G 0 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--102--disk--0 252:17 0 100G 0 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--104--disk--0 252:18 0 25G 0 lvm │ └─vm--data-vm--106--disk--0 252:19 0 32G 0 lvm └─vm--data-vm--data_tdata 252:7 0 3.6T 0 lvm └─vm--data-vm--data-tpool 252:14 0 3.6T 0 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--data 252:15 0 3.6T 1 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--100--disk--0 252:16 0 270G 0 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--102--disk--0 252:17 0 100G 0 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--104--disk--0 252:18 0 25G 0 lvm └─vm--data-vm--106--disk--0 252:19 0 32G 0 lvm sdd 8:48 0 931.5G 0 disk ├─sdd1 8:49 0 1007K 0 part ├─sdd2 8:50 0 1G 0 part └─sdd3 8:51 0 930.5G 0 part ├─pve-swap 252:0 0 8G 0 lvm [SWAP] ├─pve-root 252:1 0 96G 0 lvm / ├─pve-data_tmeta 252:2 0 8.1G 0 lvm │ └─pve-data 252:8 0 794.3G 0 lvm └─pve-data_tdata 252:5 0 794.3G 0 lvm └─pve-data 252:8 0 794.3G 0 lvm +++ exited with 0 +++ cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 3907018584 sda 8 16 732574584 sdb 8 17 732572672 sdb1 8 32 3907018584 sdc 8 48 976762584 sdd 8 49 1007 sdd1 8 50 1048576 sdd2 8 51 975712967 sdd3 252 0 8388608 dm-0 252 1 100663296 dm-1 252 2 8495104 dm-2 252 3 16650240 dm-3 252 4 16650240 dm-4 252 6 3873329152 dm-6 252 5 832888832 dm-5 252 7 3873329152 dm-7 252 8 832888832 dm-8 252 9 3873329152 dm-9 252 10 3873329152 dm-10 252 11 8388608 dm-11 252 12 33554432 dm-12 252 13 524288000 dm-13 252 14 3873329152 dm-14 252 15 3873329152 dm-15 252 16 283115520 dm-16 252 17 104857600 dm-17 252 18 26214400 dm-18 252 19 33554432 dm-19 252 20 104857600 dm-20
Locate drive by serial and model information
hdparm -i /dev/sda /dev/sda: Model=WDC WD4000FYYZ-05UL1B0, FwRev=00.0NS05, SerialNo=WD-WCC132262513 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec SpinMotCtl Fixed DTR>5Mbs FmtGapReq } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=0 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=7814037168 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120} PIO modes: pio0 pio3 pio4 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 AdvancedPM=yes: unknown setting WriteCache=disabled Drive conforms to: Unspecified: ATA/ATAPI-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 * signifies the current active mode

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R
rick

Screen recording can use webm as their format, it can be more simple to use a gif to embed into a website or forum, than adding scripts to host different video format.

In this case I grabbed a screen record of the progress for writing zeros to a hard drive with dd

Use ffmpeg to convert webm to gif:

First create a pallet:

Move into the directory which the webm is located, or type in the path

Where ‘dd.webm’ is the screen recording
ffmpeg -y -i dd.webm -vf palettegen palette.png
Output:

Then convert the webm to gif:
ffmpeg -y -i dd.webm -i palette.png -filter_complex paletteuse -r 10 dd.gif

This is what I ended up with, looks like any image of any alien on the interwebz, as if shot through a potato, some tweaking of the command is in my future. None the less.

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R
rick

Write zeros to all sectors

Use the command ‘lsblk’ to find the drive you wish to erase

I’m using ‘dd’ to erase things

In this case I’m torching sdb

Only use status=progress if you care it’s not necessary
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=12M status=progress

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R
rick

Remove old kernel images that are cluttering the system

Most of these errors are due to low or not enough space left in the root partition.

If you are using a Debian flavor:
sudo apt-get autoremove --purge

Inform grub whenever an old kernel is removed:
update-grub

Remove the un-used kernel config files:

These will be the files pre cursed as ‘rc’ where installed kernels use ‘ii’

… As well as files no longer used or required due to dependencies

This command will detect, print, and remove left over cruft from previously installed packages or scripts, that have been removed or updated.
sudo dpkg --purge $(dpkg -l | awk '/^rc/{print $2}')

You can re-run the following to view the installed kernel(s):
dpkg --list | grep linux-image

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